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By |May 1st, 2022|Information, Podcasts, Research|
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“Welcome to the Universe in 3D: A Visual Tour” with Neil deGrasse Tyson

Astronomy tells the story of humanity’s journey from viewing the sky as a flat, two-dimensional dome to understanding it as a vast, dynamic, and ever-expanding three-dimensional universe. This narrative of progress reflects not only advances in scientific observation and technology but also a profound shift in how we perceive our place in the cosmos. This enduring story has been told through countless books, brought to life in words, and crafted into both prose and poetry. But imagine a book that goes beyond simply telling the tale—a book that invites you to actively engage with it, exploring the depths of the universe as unveiled by the most advanced astronomical research and discoveries of our time.

The book “Welcome to the Universe in 3D: A Visual Tour” invites you on a captivating journey through the observable universe, showcasing some of the most awe-inspiring sights in the cosmos—in stunning 3D. Featuring a dazzling collection of stereoscopic color images, the book brings the universe to life like never before. With a special stereo viewer conveniently folded into the book’s cover, you can experience your cosmic surroundings in a breathtaking new dimension. In this episode of Bridging the Gaps, I speak with Dr Neil deGrasse Tyson, one of the authors of this fascinating and truly one-of-a-kind book.

Neil deGrasse Tyson is one of the leading science communicators in the world. He leads the world-renowned Hayden Planetarium of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City where he is the first occupant of its Frederick P. Rose Directorship. He is also a research associate of the Museum’s Department of Astrophysics.

Neill DeGrasse Tyson appeared as the on-camera host of NOVA ScienceNOW for five seasons, beginning in the fall of 2006. He served as Executive Science Editor and on-camera Host & Narrator for Cosmos: A SpaceTime Odyssey, the 21st century continuation of Carl Sagan’s landmark television series. He later returned as the host for the following season of Cosmos, titled Cosmos: Possible Worlds.

In the summer of 2009, Tyson assembled a group of professional stand-up comedians to help him bring science to commercial radio through the NSF-funded pilot program StarTalk. This initiative has since evolved into a widely popular podcast.

Tyson has been awarded 27 honorary doctorates and the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal. His contributions to science are commemorated with the naming of asteroid “13123 Tyson” and an Indian leaping frog species, “Indirani tysoni”.

We begin by exploring the origins of the idea for a book featuring a built-in stereoscopic viewer. This leads to a fascinating discussion about the science and technology behind creating 3D stereoscopic images, which come to life through the intricate work of the human brain. The conversation then delves into the intriguing concept that objects in the night sky, which appear as if pasted on a flat, two-dimensional dome, were eventually understood to exist in a universe with depth.

We reflect on humanity’s initial realization that the sky is not a simple two-dimensional surface, discussing how we came to understand the universe’s true three-dimensional nature. The concept of parallax, a key to this revelation, is also explored. Moving on, we examine some of the book’s most captivating images, each showcasing the depth and wonder of the cosmos.

Our discussion broadens to address the current challenges of science communication in an era of misinformation and disinformation. We touch on the critical role of policymakers in promoting science as a societal good. Looking ahead, we consider the future of space exploration and humanity’s place among the stars.

This has been a captivating and enlightening conversation, filled with moments of Neil deGrasse Tyson’s signature laughter. We conclude with his inspiring words: “Very happy to help you and others bridge whatever gaps need bridged.”

Complement this discussion with “The Joy of Science” with Professor Jim Al-Khalili and then listen to “A Traveller’s Guide to the Stars” with Physicist, Author and Nasa Technologist Les Johnson.

By |December 28th, 2024|Cosmology, Physics, Podcasts|
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“The Evolution of Biological Information: How Evolution Creates Complexity, from Viruses to Brains” with Professor Christoph Adami

Evolution of Biological Information on Bridging the Gaps

Consider this thought-provoking statement: “Life is information that maintains itself.” This argument, proposed by Professor Christoph Adami in his book “The Evolution of Biological Information: How Evolution Creates Complexity, from Viruses to Brains” places information at the heart of biological systems. Adami’s innovative perspective offers fresh insights into phenomena such as the evolution of drug resistance in viruses, the development of cellular communication, and the emergence of intelligence. By framing information as the unifying principle of biology, this approach provides a systematic way to explore the origin of life—both on Earth and beyond. In this episode of Bridging the Gaps I speak with Professor Christoph Adami.

Christoph Adami is professor of microbiology and molecular genetics & physics as well as astronomy at Michigan State University. A pioneer in the application of methods from information theory to the study of evolution, he designed the Avida system that launched the use of digital life as a tool for investigating basic questions in evolutionary biology. He has received several awards, including the NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal and the Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Society for Artificial Life.

We begin with an in-depth exploration of Shannon’s information theory, focusing particularly on the concept of entropy. This foundation sets the stage for a discussion on how biological systems store and preserve information. We delve into the information content of genes and proteins, highlighting a key idea from the book: “Living organisms know some very important facts about the world they inhabit and thrive in.”

Next, we examine the concept of genetic information and its storage within DNA molecules and genomes. This includes a detailed look at the nature of this information and the latest understanding of the data encoded within the genome.

We then turn to the core mechanisms—or laws—of evolution: inheritance, variation, and selection, framing these processes as the measurement, processing, and transmission of information. To describe evolution through the lens of information theory, Adami incorporates the concept of Maxwell’s demon, a thought experiment that challenges the second law of thermodynamics. We discuss this thought experiment in detail and its application to understanding the evolution of biological information.

Finally, we explore the profound question of the origin of life, accompanied by an engaging discussion on viruses. Before finishing this discussion, we also touch upon the nature and challenges of multidisciplinary research. Overall, this has been an enlightening and highly informative journey into the intersection of biology and information theory.

Complement this discussion with “The Network of Life: A New View of Evolution” with Professor David Mindell and then listen to “Zero to Birth: How the Human Brain Is Built” with Professor William Harris

By |December 21st, 2024|Biology, Information, Podcasts, Research|
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“The Painful Truth about Hunger in America” with Professor Mariana Chilton

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Hunger is far more than the immediate and tangible experience of not being able to find or buy food. While it is true that hunger is often depicted as the physical sensation of an empty stomach—a condition that can be temporarily alleviated by food—the issue runs much deeper. Hunger is more than the absence of food; it is a manifestation of deeper, societal and structural failings leading to individual and collective trauma. To genuinely combat hunger, we must engage with its underlying causes—economic inequality, systemic discrimination, and societal neglect—and strive to create a compassionate and just society where all people have the resources, respect, and opportunities they need to thrive. In her book “The Painful Truth about Hunger in America: Why We Must Unlearn Everything We Think We Know—and Start Again” professor Mariana Chilton presents a bold, transformative perspective on addressing hunger and poverty in the United States. The book emphasises that hunger in the United States is underpinned by profound societal and structural failures that perpetuate poverty and ensure that millions remain trapped in cycles of scarcity. In this episode of Bridging the Gaps I speak with professor Mariana Chilton.

Although the book focuses on the issues of hunger and poverty in the United States, the human experiences and the underlying structural and social root causes it explores are often universal. The insights and key points raised in the book resonate with similar challenges faced in other societies and regions, making its research and findings valuable for broader learning and application.

Mariana Chilton is a Professor of Health Management and Policy at Drexel University’s Dornsife School of Public Health. She is the founder of the Center for Hunger-Free Communities, where she initiated impactful programs such as “Witnesses to Hunger”, aimed at amplifying women’s voices in the national conversation on hunger and poverty, and the “Building Wealth and Health Network”, which focuses on fostering economic security and healing. Chilton has provided expert testimony on hunger solutions before both the US Senate and the House of Representatives.

Our discussion delves into the intricate connections between hunger and trauma, revealing the emotional and psychological toll on individuals and communities. We examine the persistent nature of poverty and its link to generational trauma and explore the complex relationship between poverty, violence, and systemic inequalities. Professor Chilton provides thoughtful explanations supported by real-world examples and personal stories, many of which are detailed in her book. We also discuss challenges involved in conducting research on such sensitive topics, particularly when working with vulnerable populations. The discussion covers both ethical considerations and the logistical obstacles researchers face when collecting data and sharing findings in a manner that respects and empowers participants. Professor Chilton’s insights shed light on the importance of compassionate, inclusive approaches to research and advocacy that prioritise the voices of those most affected by these issues.

Complement this discussion with “The Blind Spot: Why Science Cannot Ignore Human Experience” with Professor Adam Frank and then listen to “A Passion for Ignorance” and for Denials and Negations with Professor Renata Salecl.

By |November 17th, 2024|Podcasts, Research, Social Science, Sustainability|
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